I ka wā e pono ai ka resistor ma kahi kaapuni, e kū mai ka nīnau e pili ana i ka mea i hōʻike ʻia? Eia naʻe, pono mākou i ko lākou wiwo ʻole. No laila, ʻo ka pane pololei e kākau iā mākou iho e pili ana i ka Code kala pale pale. Ke kono nei mākou iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i kēia kumuhana me kāna helu pākahi.
Ke komo mākou i ka honua a Moolelo o ka uila ʻike mākou he nui nā ʻano pale pale uila. A no laila hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā kaapuni uila a me nā mea uila.
ʻO ke kūpale uila he mea uila e hoʻokō ai i ka pahuhopu o ka kaupalena ʻana i ke ala o ke au i loko o kahi kaapuni uila. No kāna wehewehe ʻana a hana ʻana paha, hoʻohana maʻamau ka lanahu a metala paha.
Loaʻa nā mea pale uila i nā mea uila e like me nā amplifier, radios, televise, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kāna ʻāpana ana ʻo ka Ohm.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻo ka pahuhopu o kēlā me kēia pale uila ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i ka mana piha o ke kahe o kēia manawa a i ʻole, e hoʻoulu i ka hāʻule o ka uila.
Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau mea iā mākou e noiʻi i ka ʻaoʻao kala pale pale, kona mau waiwai a me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e like me ka pono. No ka mea hiki ʻole ke loaʻa nā mea āpau i ka mākeke, e kahaha mākou ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka nui.
ʻO ka Code Color Resistor a me ka Standard
Ua manaʻo ʻia ua kūkulu ʻia kēlā me kēia pale uila e like me ka "waiwai makemake". 'O ia ho'i, ua pa'i 'ia kēlā me kēia kū'ē uila i hana 'ia ʻaoʻao kala pale pale.
Hoʻopili a paʻi ka ʻoihana hana i kona waiwai ma kēlā me kēia resistor. Ua hoʻomaka kēia ʻano hana i ka makahiki 1920.
No ka makahiki 1952, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia i ka IEC 62: 1952 Standard, i lawe ʻia e ka International Electronic Commission (IEC). Ma hope mai ua paʻi ʻia ma lalo o ka EIA RS - 279 i ka makahiki 1963.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā kumu o ka maʻamau ʻo ia ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā resistors uila wale nō. Eia naʻe, i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pono koʻikoʻi i hāʻawi ʻia, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻopili ʻia a hoʻonui ʻia i nā capacitors. ʻO kēia ka manawa i paʻi ʻia ai ka IEC 1968: 62 maʻamau e pili ana i nā capacitors i 1968.
Ke hele nei nā makahiki a ua hoʻonui ʻia kēia mau mea i kā lākou kūlana honua, ʻo ia ka mea i loaʻa iā mākou mai ka makahiki 2016. No nā mea pale uila ma lalo o ka IEC 60062: 2016 standard; e like me nā capacitors ma o EN 60062: 2016.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i kēia mau maʻamau, ma waho o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ke code kala, pono pū kekahi leka a me ka helu helu. Lawe like 'ia no nā pale uila e like me a Mea hoʻouluhua.
Kāhea kala o nā mea pale uila
Ma nā pale pale uila, ʻo ke kala i paʻi ʻia e hōʻike i kona waiwai. ʻO kēia kala ka mea e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka ʻike o ka helu o Ohms i kuhikuhi ʻia no kēlā me kēia.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia, inā mākou e ʻimi iā mākou iho i nā ʻāpana kala i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pale uila, ʻaʻole ia e alakaʻi i kekahi ʻikepili a i ʻole nā waiwai, ʻo ia kā lākou mau palena. Aia i kēlā me kēia pūʻulu kahi kūlana e hoʻokumu i kahi hōʻailona ʻokoʻa.
ʻO nā kala o nā kaula i loko o nā pale uila e hoʻokumu i nā ʻāpana penei:
- Ke kū'ē
- Ke ahonui
- Ka helu (Watts)
Ma muli o ka nui a i ʻole ka nui o ke kūpaʻa uila, hiki ke paʻi ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana a ʻike ʻia i ka mea o ka mea.
Ke liʻiliʻi ka nui o ke kūpaʻa uila, ʻaʻole e ʻae i kēia mau kikoʻī e paʻi ʻia, e hōʻike ʻia lākou e nā kala kala i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia.
ʻO kahi i kapa ʻia ai kēlā me kēia pūʻulu kala e ʻike ʻia i ke kūpaʻa uila code kala pale pale. ʻO kēia ke ala a ka mea hana e hōʻike ai i ka helu o Ohms i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pale uila.
Pehea e heluhelu ai i ka Code Color Resistor
Ke hoʻohana nei mākou i kahi pale uila, pono mākou e heluhelu a helu pū kekahi. No nā mea ʻelua, pono mākou e hoʻohana i ka papaʻaina o kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao kala pale pale.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo e heluhelu ʻia nā pale uila mai ka hema a i ka ʻākau.
I ka lawe ʻana i kahi pale uila, pono mākou e kau iā ia ma ke ʻano aʻe e hoʻokumu ai i kāna heluhelu ʻana:
- E hele ana ka ʻaoʻao ākea ākea i ko mākou ʻaoʻao ʻākau, ʻo ia ka mea e pili ana i ka hoʻomanawanui o ka pale uila.
- E ʻike ʻoe i ke kū ʻana i mua ou e pili ana i ka pākaukau kala kala kūʻē, ʻo kēlā me kēia hui kala he kolamu o ka pākaukau.
- A laila pono ʻoe e ʻimi i kēlā me kēia kala i loko o kāna kolamu i mea e pani ai me nā waiwai.
Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hui, hiki iā ʻoe ke alakaʻi iā ʻoe iho me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia ʻike. He mea maʻamau ka pili ʻana o nā pūʻulu mua ʻekolu i kekahi i kekahi, ʻo ia hoʻi, kokoke i kekahi. A no laila ʻoi aku ka mamao o ka hui ʻehā.
A laila pono ʻoe e kau i nā ʻekolu kokoke loa i kekahi ma kou ʻaoʻao hema, e waiho ana i ka mea e pili ana i ka hoʻomanawanui ma kou ʻaoʻao ʻākau a ʻaʻole ʻoe e kānalua hou i ka wahi.
ʻO ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia hui
He manaʻo ko kēlā me kēia hui a ʻo lākou kēia:
Hui mua: Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema loa a ʻo ia ka waiwai mua o ka ʻāpana kolamu.
ʻO ka pūʻulu ʻelua: ʻO ia ka pūʻali e kū ana ma ka ʻākau o ka hui mua. Ua pili kona waiwai i ka mea o ke kolamu lua. Ke hōʻike ʻia he ʻelima mau kaha o kā mākou kūʻē, e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kolamu ʻekolu e loaʻa ai ka ʻāpana ʻekolu.
ʻO ka hui ʻekolu: Ua pili kēia i nā helu o nā zero hope loa o ka waiwai. ʻO ia ka waiwai hoʻonui o ke kiʻi i loaʻa mai nā hui mua.
ʻEhā pūʻulu: Hōʻike i ka hoʻomanawanui a aia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka pale uila. Hōʻike ʻia kona waiwai ma ke ʻano he pākēneka kahi ʻaʻohe band e like me 20%.
I ka pōkole, hōʻike ka hui mua a me ka lua o ke kū'ē uila i ka huahelu mua o ka waiwai kū'ē. ʻO kēia helu, e like me kā mākou e ʻike ai i ka pākaukau kala kala pale, aia ma waena o 0 a me 9.
ʻO ke kolu o ka hui e hōʻike i ka waiwai e pono ai e hoʻonui i nā waiwai mua ʻelua. Hōʻike ka hui ʻehā i ka hoʻomanawanui i ka pākēneka (%), ʻo ia ka waiwai e hiki ai i ke kiʻi kūʻē ke hoʻololi i luna a i lalo mai kona kumu waiwai mua a pili ia i ka hana ʻana.
Heluhelu i ka pale uila
No ka hana ʻana i kā mākou heluhelu ʻana i kahi pale uila, e hoʻohana mākou i kēia kiʻi ma ke ʻano he kuhikuhi:
E hoʻomaka mākou ma ka ʻike ʻana i nā kaula a me ko lākou kala e like me ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ma lalo nei.
Pāʻani mua: kala ʻulaʻula.
ʻĀpana ʻelua: ʻulaʻula.
ʻĀpana ʻekolu: ʻOmaomao.
Hui ʻehā: kala gula.
A laila, ʻimi mākou i kēlā me kēia kala i ka "Resistor Color Code Table", e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei:
Ka hui mua: 6
ʻO ka hui ʻelua: 2
ʻĀpana ʻekolu: 5Ω (x 100.000 Ohms)
ʻEhā pūʻulu: ±5%
Kahua nui: No nā hihia inā he 5 a i ʻole 6 mau ʻāpana ke kūʻē, e hana ʻia kāna heluhelu ʻana ma ke ʻano like. ʻO kona ʻokoʻa, pono e hoʻohui ʻia ke kolu o ka waiwai, ʻo ia ke kolu huahelu a me ka helu wela. he mea maʻamau.
Heluhelu o ke Code e like me kona mau Bana
Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kiʻi mua a me ka ʻikepili i loaʻa i kāna heluhelu ʻana, e hoʻomau mākou i kāna helu ʻana.
ʻO kā mākou hihia he resistor me ʻehā mau kala kala. ʻO nā pūʻulu ʻekolu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema e hōʻike i ke kūpaʻa a ʻo ka ʻehā o ka hui i ka hoʻomanawanui. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka ʻikepili mai ka heluhelu mua ʻana iā mākou:
Polū – ʻulaʻula – ʻōmaʻomaʻo – gula
62 x 100.000 Ohms ±5%
Ma ka palapala ʻepekema, ua hōʻike ʻia kona hopena penei: 62×105 Ω±5%
ʻO ka pūʻulu hoʻomanawanui, ma ke kū'ē uila, e hōʻike i ka pākēneka (%) ʻo ia ka awelika o ka haʻalele. Pili kēia me kona waiwai kū'ē a he huahana ia o ka hana ʻana e like me ia.
Ke ʻike mākou i kahi pale uila nona ka pākēneka i like a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 2%, ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi loa ka pololei o kā lākou hana ʻana. No laila e lilo lākou i mea kūʻai nui loa no kā lākou loaʻa ʻana (ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe).
Kāhea kala no 4 Band Resistors
heluhelu ana i keia ʻaoʻao kala pale pale Hana ʻia e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pae mua. ʻO ka huli ʻana a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā hui.
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka "Resistor Color Code Table", he ʻeiwa mau kala like ʻole nā hui mua ʻelua (ke kolamu mua a me ka lua). Hiki ke loaʻa ka huina o 100 hui ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi, mai 0 a 99.
ʻO ka pūʻulu ʻekolu ka waiwai hoʻonui no ke kiʻi e hāʻawi mai iaʻu i nā helu ʻelua ma mua. Aia ma ka papa ʻaina mai 1 Ohms no ke kala ʻeleʻele, a hiki i 1.000.000.000 Ohms no ke kala keʻokeʻo. Inā he gula kona waihoʻoluʻu, e hoʻonui ʻia me 0,1 Ohms a inā he kālā, e hoʻonui ʻia me 0,01 Ohms.
ʻO ka hā o ka pūʻulu e hōʻike ana i ka waiwai hoʻomanawanui, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka deviation mai ka waiwai maoli i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka resistor i kāna hana e pili ana i ka waiwai coded, e pili ana i nā kaula kala. E hilinaʻi mau kēia waiwai i ka mea hana.
Kāhea kala no nā mea pale me nā kaha 5 a me 6
No nā kākoʻo uila 5-band, hoʻohana ʻia nā waiwai paʻa pololei me nā ʻae ʻana o lalo o ± 5%.
No ka heluhelu ʻana i kēia mau pale uila, e hahai ʻia nā mea i hōʻike ʻia no ka poʻe me 4 mau kaha. ʻO kona ʻokoʻa, ʻo nā kaha mua ʻekolu, e pili ana i nā kolamu mua ʻekolu, ʻo ia ka waiwai o ke kiʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi ka waiwai o kona kūʻē. Loaʻa ka loaʻa ʻana o 999 mau waiwai o kekahi kū'ē.
No ka hihia o 6 mau pūʻali, ʻo kēlā waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia ʻo ia ka helu wela. Hoʻokō ʻia kāna heluhelu ʻana ma ke ʻano like i hōʻike ʻia.
Hoʻohana ka hui ʻeono i kāna waiwai i kahi ana i hōʻike ʻia ma nā ʻāpana o ka miliona degere Kelvin a i ʻole he "ppm/K" like.
Heluhelu i ke code kala o nā pale uila no 5 mau kaha
E manaʻo paha he resistor e hāʻawi i kēia mau kala:
ʻulaʻula – Violet – ʻAlani – ʻEleʻele – ʻEleʻele
Ma ka ʻimi ʻana iā mākou iho i ka "Resistor Color Code Table", e loaʻa iā mākou nā waiwai aʻe:
273 x 1 Ohms ±1%
ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ko mākou kūʻē ʻana he 273 Ω ± 1%
