Ukuphepha kwezokuthutha: imithethonqubo, ukuvikela impahla kanye nezixazululo zemboni

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Ezokuthutha ziwuhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi emnothweni, futhi ukuphepha kwakho kuyisimo sokuthi yonke into isebenze kahle. Kusukela ekuqinisekiseni umthwalo kuye esimweni semoto kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwalabo abashayelayoYonke imininingwane ibalulekile. Ezimakethe ezifana neMexico ne-United States, lapho amaloli ehambisa inqwaba yezimpahla, lezi zici zibaluleke kakhulu kunoma ubani ofuna sungula inkampani yezokuthutha.

Ukubeka izinto esimweni, ezokuthutha emgwaqeni zibe nesandla kulokhu Ama-56,9% okuthutha impahla eMexico futhi i 72,9% e-US kudatha yakamuva ecashuniwe. Ukuphepha kwama-opharetha nezindiza kunemiphumela kulo lonke uchungechungeInciphisa izingozi, izindleko, igesi ekhishwayo, futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ivikela izimpilo. Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa futhi sihlele kabusha, ngendlela engokoqobo, imithethonqubo, izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela impahla, ukuhlolwa komgwaqo, nezisombululo zemboni esezivele zikhona.

Ububanzi bokuphepha kwezokuthutha: ukusuka kumapulatifomu angasogwini ukuya emgwaqeni

Emikhakheni ebucayi efana nowoyela negesi, kunemisebenzi ezindaweni ezikude noma ezingasogwini ezingafinyelelwa kuphela ngomoya. Uma inkampani ingenayo indiza yayo, ukwenza inkontileka nezinkampani zangaphandle kudinga ukuhlolwa okuqinile.Ukuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa kanye nokuhlolwa kwezindiza, izikhumulo zezindiza ezinophephela emhlane, izinkundla zezindiza kanye nezinsiza; kanye neziqu zabasebenzi, isipiliyoni nokuqeqeshwa, uhlelo lokuphatha ukuphepha, ikhwalithi kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo, kulandela izindlela ezingcono kakhulu ze IOGP (Inhlangano Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yabakhiqizi Bamafutha Negesi) ehambisana nemithetho yezokundiza yamazwe ngamazwe.

Emgwaqeni, umgomo uyafana: ukugwema ukulimala kwabantu, impahla kanye nemvelo. Ukuphepha emgwaqeni kuncike kukho kokubili ukufaneleka kwemoto kanye nokuvikeleka okufanele komthwalo.Futhi, ngaleyo njongo, i-Europe ibivumelanisa izimfuneko eziphansi ezahlanganiswa neSpain nesimemezelo esibalulekile sasebukhosini.

Uhlaka lokulawula: ukuhlolwa komgwaqo kanye nokuvikeleka komthwalo

Kusukela ngoMeyi 2018, okulandelayo bekulokhu kusebenza e-Spain: Isimemezelo Sasebukhosini 563/2017, ebeka imibandela yokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe eceleni komgwaqo kwezimpahla nezimoto zokuthutha abagibeli ezinezihlalo ezingaphezu kweziyisishiyagalolunye. Lo mbhalo uhlanganise i-Directive 2014/47/EUukuhlanganisa ezimisweni ze-EU zokulawulwa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwengamela ukuvikela umthwalo ngenhloso yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “Umbono we-Zero“: ukuya esimeni sika-2050 izingozi zemigwaqo azikho.

Lo mthetho uphoqelele umbono obanzi: akukona nje ukunwetshwa kokuhlolwa kwezimoto, kodwa futhi ugxile ekuvikeleni impahla. Okungenani u-5% wepaki ethintekile kufanele uhlolwe unyaka ngamunye (izimoto ezingaphezu kwe-15.000), kanye nokuphoqelelwa kwesistimu yokuvimbela kwakwenza kwacaca ukuthi izindinganiso zaziphakanyiswa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Emisebenzini yansuku zonke yemboni, lokhu kwaphawula inguquko futhi kwasusa inkulumompikiswano mayelana nezibopho nezinqubo.

Ubani onesibopho se-stevedoring? Izindima, izivumelwano, kanye nemibhalo

Kwaqale kwaba nokudideka mayelana nomthwalo wemfanelo wokuvinjelwa. I-DGT yakhomba umnikazi wemoto nomshayelingenkathi Umthetho 15/2009 wenkontileka yezokuthutha ezihamba phansi ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa ne-stowage ishaja, ngaphandle uma inkampani yenethiwekhi iyithatha ngokucacile ngaphambi kokuba imoto ilayishwe. Izinsizakalo zokulethwa kwamaphasela kanye nezinsizakalo ezifanayo azifakiwe kulowo mthetho., lapho i-stowage ihlale ingumthwalo wenethiwekhi.

Kulandela izicelo ezivela kulo mkhakha, i-DGT ikhiphe umyalelo owamukela imibandela yoMthetho Wenkontileka Yezokuthutha. Uma inkampani yenethiwekhi ithatha i-stowage nakuba kungesona isibopho sayo esisemthethweniLokhu kufanele kufakazelwe ngesivumelwano esibhaliwe. Yingakho abathumeli abaningi befaka izigaba zokukhululwa ezinkontilekeni zabo. Kunoma yikuphi, umnikazi wemvume nomshayeli banomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto isesimweni esifanele. futhi ngaphandle kwamaphutha abeka engcupheni ukuphepha emgwaqeni.

Kuhlukaniswa kanjani ukushiyeka kokuziphatha?

Ukuhlolwa kuhlola ukuvikeleka komthwalo futhi kuhlukanise ukusilela kube amazinga amathathu. I-LeveUmthwalo uvikelekile ngendlela efanele, kodwa izincomo zenziwe. sinaUmthwalo awuvikelekile kahle futhi kunethuba elibalulekile lokufuduka noma ukuhlehla; ithwala inhlawulo (€200) futhi ingase ibangele ukungasebenzi. Kuyingozi: ubungozi obuqondile kuthrafikhi noma abantu (ukulahlekelwa okuthengisiwe okungenzeka); kuhlanganisa €500 kanye nokuvinjwa kwemoto.

Umthetho uxwayisa ngomphumela okhulayo: Ukwehluleka okuncane okuningana kungakhuphula izinga lengozi.Ngakho-ke, ukwephulwa kwemithetho emincane eminingi kungaholela ekuhlukaniseni okubucayi futhi imoto imiswe kuze kube yilapho isimo sesilungisiwe.

Yini ehlolwayo ekuhlolweni: indlela, amandla kanye nezibalo

Ukuhlola kufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi umthwalo awuphazamisi ukushayela okuphephile noma udale ubungozi empilweni, empilweni, empahleni noma endaweni. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwenombolo nokufaneleka kwezinyathelo zokuzibamba kuyadingeka.Hlola i-voltage esetshenzisiwe nokuthi isibalo sokusebenza kahle silungile, futhi ubuyekeze izitifiketi lapho kufanele khona.

Empeleni, kutholakala ukuthi, ezindleleni ezijwayelekile neziphuthumayo (okuhlanganisa nokuqala emthambekeni), Akufanele kube khona izinguquko endaweni phakathi kwamaphakheji noma ukuphuma esikhaleni sempahla.Ngokusatshalaliswa komthwalo, imithwalo ephezulu nencane ye-ekseli kanye nesisindo esiphezulu esigunyaziwe (MMA) kufanele kuhlonishwe. Futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu: ukubopha kufanele kumelane namandla alingana nalezi zici ze-inertia: 0,8 izikhathi zesisindo lapho uya khona, 0,5 ngemuva nangemuvaukugwema noma yikuphi ukuthambekela kwe-longitudinal noma okuphambene.

Kucatshangelwe futhi izindawo zokubophela imoto (ngaphambili, ohlangothini, ngemuva, ama-crossbar) nokuthi izindlela zokuvimbela ezisetshenziswayo zifanelekile yini: ukuvinjelwa ngokuvimba (imbulunga yonke noma indawo), ukuhuqa, ukushaywa okuqondile noma ukuqhuma okuphezulu, phakathi kokunye. Izinga lisho izinkomba zobuchwepheshe njenge EN 12195-1 (ukubalwa kwamandla okuhambisa) kanye ne EN 12642 (amandla omzimba), kanye ne Umhlahlandlela waseYurophu wezindlela ezinhle kakhulu Mayelana nokwesekwa komgwaqo.

Imizimba eqinisekisiwe kanye ne-palletizing: kuvinjwa nini ngokwanele?

Icala elivumayo uma kuqhathaniswa lenzeka ezinhlakeni eziqinisekisiwe I-EN 12642 XL ezithutha amaphalethi angama-33 agoqeke ngokuphelele futhi angenazikhala, athatha yonke ivolumu ye-semi-trailer. Lezi zakhiwo zingakwazi ukusekela cishe u-50% wesisindo ngaphambili, u-40% ezinhlangothini, no-30% ngemuva. yomthwalo okhokhelwayo. Uma sengeza i-floor-pallet friction futhi silungisa i-palletizing ngaphandle kokudlala, izici ezengeziwe zingase zingadingeki ukuze zithotshelwe. Nge-EN 12642 L ukumelana kuphansi Futhi kuyodingeka ukwengeza; ngaphandle kwesitifiketi, konke kuncike ezindleleni zokubopha.

Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-lockdown yomhlaba wonke: beka izimpahla ngokumelene nomzimba wemoto futhi ngokumelene nomunye, ugcwalise izikhala ngama-pallets noma ezinye izinto. Lapho izikhala zinkulu, ukuvinjelwa kwendawo kusetshenziswa. ngama-struts, imigoqo, izisekelo, eqinisekisa ukumelana okuqondile kwesesekeli ngasinye.

Izindlela zokuqinisa: ukuhuka, ukushaya, nokungqubuzana

El igwegwe Ingenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu, kodwa idinga ukuthi imoto nomthwalo kube nejometri ehambisanayo ukuze ilingane okuvimbela ukushelela (isibonelo, abathwali beziqukathi). Lapho umthwalo uhlezi endaweni yesikhulumi ngaphandle kokukhiya ijometriKwenyusa ukuncika kuma-moorings, amandla awo kanye nokucushwa kwawo.

Ku-moorings, okulandelayo kuthonya i ukumelana nezintambo, amabhande noma amaketanga, ikhwalithi yamaphuzu okusetshenzwa kwemoto, i ama-engeli ngokuphathelene nendiza evundlile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ukukhulisa ukungqubuzana (amacansi aphansi, onogada basemakhoneni, anezikhala). Ukulebula ezindongeni kufanele kufundeke. kanye nesimo sayo esihle: ngaphandle kokusikeka, ukuguga okuphawulekayo noma ukulimala kwamakhemikhali, ngoba noma yikuphi ukuncishiswa komthamo kuphazamisa ukubalwa kwama-moorings.

Izimpahla ezikhethekile: amakhoyili e-cradles namanye amacala

I-Las amakhoyili emibhedeni Benza lula inqubo yomshuwalense uma umklamo uhlonishwa. Lapho izinhlangothi ze-wedge ziphakathi kuka-29º no-35º kanye nesisindo sekhoyili esiphumela endizeni ethambekele, izibopho ezengeziwe ezimelene nokushelela noma ukugingqika kwezinhlangothi ngokuvamile azidingeki. Nokho, kungase kudingeke izinyathelo ezimelene nokushelela kwe-longitudinal. noma umnyakazo "wokukhulula". Ngemithwalo efana nezingodo noma izimoto, izimoto eziqondile, ezifakwe ngaphambili zivame ukudingeka, nakuba Ukuzithiba kokuqapha kuhlala kubalulekile.

Izixazululo zomkhiqizi nezinto zokusebenza ezigunyaziwe

Imakethe inikeza ububanzi obuphelele bokuphepha kwempahla. Bheka ikhathalogi. I-TRP (izinkomba ezingaphezu kuka-8.000) kukhona amabhande aqinisekiswe ngu TuvAbavikeli bamakhona ukuze bandise isikhathi sabo sokuphila, ama-friction mats kanye nemigoqo yokulayisha, ngaphezu kwalokho Intengo ye-ERGO i-ergonomic eyengeziwe, ene-lever ende (idinga amandla amancane) kanye nokunyakaza okudonsa phansi. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezingwegwe zinikezwa: i-clamp, i-chassis, indandatho ye-delta noma ukukhwezwa kwesitimela, ngisho nokwenza ngokwezifiso ngegama lenkampani.

I-Los abakhi babaqeqeshi Ziwukhiye futhi. I-Schmitz Cargobull, i-Lecitrailer, ne-Kögel bebelokhu beklama izakhiwo nemishini yokuvikela impahla amashumi eminyaka, ngokuhambisana namazinga afana neleJalimane. I-VDI 2700, okwathi kusukela ngo-1975 kwakudingeka ukuthi imoto ivimbele ukushelela, ukuwa noma ukugingqika kwezimpahla ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwayo, noma ukuthi ibe nezindlela eziyisizayo uma umsebenzi womzimba ungenele.

Banikela ngani abakhiqizi be-semi-trailer?

I-Schmitz Cargobull yenza kube lula izikimu zokusabalalisa isisindo ngohlobo lwe-trailer yokuma kahle kwezimpahla kanye nokungakwazi ukuhamba kahle. I-Lecitrailer ivivinya ngokuqinile izidumbu zayo zamaloli ukuqinisekisa amazinga aphezulu okumelana nokugunyazwa kuzo zonke izingxenye zokushaya. I-Kögel ihlomisa izinketho eziqinisekisiwe njengezijwayelekile Iqondaniswe ne-Road Inspection Directive, ithobelana ne-EN 12642 XL futhi inikeza izindandatho nezimbobo ezihlanganisiwe kumabhendi, kanye nohlaka lwangemuva olulungiselwe ukunamathiselwa amabhande.

Ezimotweni ezithwala impahla ezijwayelekile (oseyili), uSchmitz uhlanganisa umsebenzi womzimba I-EN 12642 XL enamabhendi aseceleni anembobo kanye nezindlu zezinsimbi zokulayisha. Iphansi lingangezwa. anti-ukushelela ene-coefficient ephakeme yokungqubuzana, amasongo ebhande noma amaketanga kanye nezihlahla zensimbi phansi zama-wedge nama-chocks. Umzimba wekhethini lamandlaIseyili ngokwayo ihlanganisa iziqinisi ukuze kuvikelwe okuthengiswayo ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokukulungisa phansi. Emabhokisini avaliwe, kukhona amaningi ama-lashing guides Imigoqo eseceleni neyophahla engahlanganiswa nezinhlobo ezahlukene zemigoqo.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezimpahla zidinga izixazululo ezithile: ama-reels, iziphuzo noma ama-paper rolls Zidinga ukucushwa okungokwezifiso. I-Lecitrailer igqamisa ukuguquguquka kwayo ekuthuthukiseni amasistimu aqinisekisiwe, futhi u-Kögel uveza ukuthi izimoto zakhe zithuthuka ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo. Abamukeli be-EjemplosU-Schmitz wenze izixazululo ezinamaphrofayili anwebekayo kumaseyili okuthutha amathayi ngaphandle kwezikhuphukeli eziseceleni ezindaweni eziphakeme ezihlukene, futhi i-Lecitrailer yethule i-EN 12642 XL yayo evunyiwe umzimba wokuvula ngokushesha.

Izincomo ezinhlanu eziyisisekelo zokuvikela umthwalo ngendlela efanele

Kusukela kokuhlangenwe nakho komkhiqizo, kukhona amathiphu ayisisekelo angahluleki neze. Zisebenza njengohlu lokuhlola olusheshayo ngaphambi kokuqala futhi ngemva kokulanda ingxenye:

• Hlonipha isisindo se-axle kanye ne-MMA yemoto ngokusebenza kwayo.
• Hlola ukusatshalaliswa kwesisindo ngemva kokukhipha ngakunye ingxenye bese uyilungisa uma kunesidingo.
• Hlanza indawo yokulayisha uthuli noma isihlabathi ukwandisa ukungqubuzana.
• Hlola ukuthi izintambo ezidingekayo zikhona yini Ayatholakala futhi anamalebula afundekayo.
• Lungisa ukushayela kwakho (isivinini kanye nokuqondisa) ohlotsheni lomthwalo.

Ukugcinwa kwamasondo kanye nezinhlelo zokwehla kwamandla emali okuzenzakalelayo

Amathayi ahlala eyisithende sika-Achilles. Ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe ngu RACE kanye noGoodyear Kulinganiselwa ukuthi izimoto eziyizigidi ezingu-1,5 ezijikelezayo eSpain zinenkinga enkulu yamasondo; kwezokuthutha ezisindayo, amaloli angu-2,2% kanye nama-trailer angu-2,3%. Ekuthuthweni kwezimpahla eziyingozi, ukuqhunyiswa kwamasondo kwakuyimbangela yesibili ehamba phambili yezingozi. Ngo-2020, ukulondoloza umfutho wesondo ofanele kubalulekile ekuphepheni, ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli, nasekungcoleni.

Ukunciphisa ukuvuza kancane kancane, kunezinhlelo ezifana nalezi QAPHA (Colven), eqapha ingcindezi futhi, uma kwenzeka kuba khona noma yikuphi ukwehla—ngisho nokubhoboza—, izixwayiso futhi iqala ukwehla kwamandla emali okuzenzakalelayoLolu hlobo lwesixazululo lusiza ukunweba a 20% impilo yamasondo kakade ukusika emuva a 3% ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ngezinzuzo eziwumphumela wokuphepha, izindleko kanye ne-CO2.

Izinqubo, ukwenziwa kwedijithali kanye neziqu zobungcweti

Ulwazi lwemboni lukhombisa ukuthi inkinga enkulu ngokugcinwa kwempahla ngokuvamile inqubo. Izinqumo zivame ukwenziwa "ngokuphazima kweso" ngaphandle kwedatha ebalulekile (isisindo sangempela, ubukhulu noma izimfanelo zokupakisha), okwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa indlela efanele: amaphakheji angase awe ngaphambi kokuthi izibopho zisebenze.

Njengoba amazwi ochwepheshe egcizelela, ukuthuthukiswa kuncike ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabo bonke ababambiqhaza ku-chain, ngaphezulu ulwazi olutholakalayo kanye nokuzimisela ukulisebenzisa kahleKuvela izithiyo ezimbili: izinga eliphansi lokusebenzisa idijithali kanye “nobushiqela besikhathi” obungqubuzana nezokuphepha. Iminyaka embalwa ezayo izoba yisinqumo esibalulekile. ukuhlanganisa izinguquko, ne-Europe iphusha i-digitalization kanye ukuhlakanipha okufakelwayo kanye neziqu ezintsha.

Indima yobungcweti ye “Uchwepheshe kuCargo Stowage” Kuqhutshwa I-INCUALyakhelwe kokubili ukunikeza amaphrofayili abaphathi ezinkampanini ezinomthamo omkhulu wokuthunyelwa, kanye nokuqinisekisa izindima ezikhona ezinamakhono okuqondisa ukulondolozwa kwempahla. Lezi ziqu zizophinde zihlinzeke ngemibandela yemigwamanda yokuhlola emgwaqeni nasekuphenyweni ngezingozi.

"Ukwengeza isayensi kokuhlangenwe nakho" Kuyi-lever umkhakha oyigqamisayo ukuze kukhushulwe izinga lokuphepha nokusebenza kahle ekugcinweni kwempahla.

Uma lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwenziwa, imisebenzi ethile ingase idinge ukushintsha. Akuzona zonke izimoto ezilungele zonke izimpahla. Futhi okukhethekile kuzodinga ukutshalwa kwezimali. Kuyizindleko okuzofanele zidluliselwe phambili, kodwa Ukuvikeleka kudinga izinsiza futhi igwema izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu esikhathini esimaphakathi.

Ukuphepha kokusebenza komshayeli: ngaphambi, phakathi nangemuva

Ngaphandle kwestowage, ukuphepha emgwaqeni kuneziqondiso ezicacile. Ngaphambi kokulayishaKutuswa ukuthi uhlole ukulungiswa bese uhlela umzila ngezindawo zokuma ezigunyaziwe nezinye izindlela, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni ezinomlando wezigameko noma isimo sezulu esiyinkimbinkimbi.

Emgwaqeni, i ukushayela ngokuzivikela Ibalulekile. Sebenzisa umthetho we Imizuzwana engu-7 Isiza ukugcina ibanga eliphephile: khetha iphoyinti eligxilile emgwaqeni futhi ubale isikhathi uze ufike kuyo ngemuva kwemoto engaphambili. Lawula izindawo eziyimpumputhe (ingemuva le-trailer, izinhlangothi nangaphambili) futhi uhlole izibuko njalo ngemizuzwana engu-8-10 ukuze uthuthukise umbono wendawo.

Ukuphumula akuxoxiswana ngakho. Hlela izitobhi ezindaweni ezigunyaziweGcwalisa amandla akho futhi, lapho upaka, hlala unake iyunithi uma idinga usizo. Lapho ufika endaweni yokulethwaUhamba endaweni ukuze abone izingozi zezindawo ngaphambi kokuba ahambe.

El Isimo sezulu Akubikezeleki, kodwa ungakulindela. Emvuleni enkulu, eqhweni, eqhweni elimnyama, noma kunenkungu, yehlisa kakhulu isivinini futhi ucabange ukuma uma ukudonsa kungenele. Letha izimpahla kanye nekhithi yosizo lokuqala ngezimo eziphuthumayo futhi uhlole isimo samathayi, ama-windshield wiper namalambu.

Ukungavikeleki nobuchwepheshe bokuvikela

E-Mexico, ukungavikeleki emigwaqweni kunyukile ngenxa yezinyathelo ezixegayo kanye nokungasebenzisani kahle kwesikhungo. U-12% kuphela wokugetshengwa kwabathuthi ongenalo udlame.Ngokwezibalo zobugebengu, impendulo ihlanganisa ukuhlela nobuchwepheshe. mephu izindawo nemizila enobungozi kakhulu, ukwenza iphrofayela ngemikhiqizo namasevisi asengozini kakhulu kanye nokwenza izivivinyo zokuphendula zangaphakathi.

Phakathi kwamathuluzi, okulandelayo kuyagqama: I-GPS ene-Anti-Jammer, ekwazi ukubona ama-signal inhibitors. Uma ilokhi icushiweLezi zinhlelo zingakwazi ukuvala injini futhi zinqamule ugesi wemoto, okwenza kube nzima ukweba. Ukuhlanganisa izixazululo ze Ukuxhumana kwe-IoT ohlelweni lwezimo eziphuthumayo kanye qeqesha abaqhubi ukuthi bazi ukuthi benze kanjani Kubaluleke njengobuchwepheshe uqobo.

Ukusebenza okungokoqobo: kusuka kumbono kuya emthwalweni oboshwe ngokuvikelekile

Ukusebenzisa indinganiso endaweni yedokodo kubandakanya ukulinganisa, ukubala, kanye nokubhalwa phansi. Ngaphandle kwezisindo zangempela nobukhulu, izibalo zokushayeka zilahlekelwa ukwethembeka.Isofthiwe yokuhlela imithwalo isiza ukunquma izindlela ezifanele zokushaya (okuqondile, phezulu) kanye nenani lezinto ngokusho kokungqubuzana, ukumelana nama-engeli.

Emisebenzini ejwayelekile ene-homogeneous palletizing, inhlanganisela ye umsebenzi womzimba oqinisekisiwe, amaphalethi afakwe kahle, kanye nephansi elingasheleli Inciphisa izidingo ezengeziwe. Lapho kukhona izikhala noma amaqhubu angavamileUkukhiya kwasendaweni okunama-struts namabha, kanye nomata bokungqubuzana nezivikeli zamakhona, kudala isistimu eqinile.

Ngezimpahla ezikhethekile, njenge amakhoyili, the ama-wedge anama-engeli alungile Zinciphisa ubungozi obungasemuva, kodwa kufanele zihambisane nezinyathelo ezimelene nokushelela kwe-longitudinal. Izimoto eziklanyelwe ngqo izingodo noma izimoto Zenza ukuqiniswa kube lula, nakuba zidinga isiyalo esifanayo ekuqinisekiseni izibopho nezitifiketi.

Ukuhlola: yini ongayilindela ukuyithola nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukungakwazi ukuhamba

Ama-ejenti azokuhlola lokho inombolo kanye nohlobo lwezinyathelo zokuvimbela zaneleukuthi ingcindezi esetshenzisiwe ilungile, ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwe-tie-down kuyahlangatshezwana nayo, kanye nokuthi amadokhumenti (izitifiketi zamabhande, umsebenzi womzimba, njll.) ayatholakala futhi ayafundeka. Amalebula ewebhu afiphele Bakha, okokuqala nje, kancane.

Ukuze ugweme i-immobilization: izimvume ezifanele okuvumela ukunyakaza, ukwengeza ama-mooring lapho izibalo zingasebenzi, gcwalisa izikhala ukuthi bakhansele ukuvinjwa futhi baqinisekise ukuthi amaphuzu okubopha imoto Aweqi umthwalo noma imikhawulo ye-engeli. Uma kukhona ukushiyeka okuningana, khumbula lokho umphumela wabo ohlangene ukhubaza ukuhlolwa.

Ukuhlanganisa imithethonqubo, ubungcweti bezobuchwepheshe, nolwazi olusebenzayo kuvumela ukukhuphuka okuqhubekayo kwamazinga okuphepha. Kusukela ekukhethweni kwe-bodywork egunyaziwe kanye nezinhlelo zokuzikhweza kuye ekunakekeleni imoto, inqubo yokwenza idijithali, nokuqeqeshwa okuthileKonke ukuthuthukiswa kuyabalulekile. Ngezinqubo ezicacile, amathuluzi afanelekile, namaqembu aqeqeshwe kahle, imboni yezokuthutha inciphisa izingozi, ithuthukisa izindleko, futhi ithatha isinyathelo esiqinile esibheke emgomweni waseYurophu wokuphepha emgwaqeni.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Renfe ithatha isinyathelo esiqinile ngokuhlanganisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa emisebenzini yayo yezitimela.