- I-CMMS ihlanganisa ama-oda omsebenzi, izimpahla, kanye nezitokwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle futhi kuncishiswe isikhathi sokungasebenzi.
- Ukuqaliswa okufanele kudinga izinhloso ezicacile, idatha ehlanzekile, ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo, kanye nokusekelwa kokuphatha.
- Ihlanganiswe ne-IoT futhi ihambisana ne-ISO 55001, i-CMMS iqhuba ukulungiswa kokuvimbela nokubikezela.
- Ukugwema amaphutha avamile nokugxila ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwenza i-CMMS ibe yitshe elibalulekile ekuphathweni kwempahla.
Ukwamukela uhlelo lwe-CMMS akuseyona eyezimboni ezinkulu kuphela: namuhla kuyithuluzi elibalulekile kunoma iyiphi inkampani efuna lawula ngempela ukugcinwa kwayoukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka nokwenza izinqumo ngokusekelwe kudatha, hhayi ekuqondeni. Kodwa-ke, ukuyisebenzisa kahle akulula njengokufaka uhlelo; kuhilela ukubuyekeza izinqubo, idatha, abantu, kanye nobuchwepheshe.
Kule migqa elandelayo uzothola a Umhlahlandlela Wokusebenzisa i-CMMS Ophelele, lapho imikhuba emihle, amaphutha ajwayelekile, ubudlelwano nezindinganiso ezifana ne-ISO 55000/55001, umehluko nge-EAM kanye ne-ERP kuhlanganiswa khona, kanye nendlela ewusizo kakhulu yokuthi ungasuka kanjani ekugcinweni okusabelayo uye kumodeli yokuvimbela nokubikezela esekelwa yi-IoT kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa.
Iyini i-CMMS futhi iyilethani ngempela enkampanini?
I-CMMS (Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kokugcinwa Kwekhompyutha) noma i-CMMS, empeleni, iyi- uhlelo oluphakathi lokuphatha konke ukulungiswa yenhlangano: izimpahla, ama-oda omsebenzi, izingxenye ezisele, idatha yomlando, izindleko, izikhathi ezibekiwe, kanye nezinhlaka ezinomthwalo wemfanelo. Ithatha indawo yamaspredishithi, imibiko yamaphepha, nama-imeyili alahlekile ngomthombo owodwa nothembekile wolwazi.
Uma inkampani iphatha imishini eminingi, izikhungo, noma ingqalasizinda, i-CMMS iba yinto ebalulekile Gwema ukuphazamiseka okungalindelekile, ukulungiswa okuphuthumayo okubizayo kakhulu, kanye nezingozi zokuphepha okungathinta umkhiqizo kanye nedumela lenhlangano.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo ezicacile ze-CMMS kukhona ukuphathwa okulungiselelwe kwezinsizakusebenza zabantu nezinto ezibonakalayo, ukwesekwa kokugcinwa kokuvimbela kanye nokubikezela, ukufakwa ndawonye kwemibhalo yobuchwepheshe kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza imibiko nokuhlaziya ukuze kuthuthukiswe njalo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nelogi elula yamaphutha, i-CMMS yesimanje ivumela Yenza ukuhlela imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo, lawula izinqolobane ngesikhathi sangempela, landelela umlando ophelele wempahla ngayinye bese uxhumanisa ukulungiswa nezinye izinhlelo ezifana nezixazululo ze-ERP, SCADA noma i-IoT.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-CMMS ne-EAM: uhlelo ngalunye luhamba ibanga elingakanani?
Kubalulekile ukucacisa ububanzi be-CMMS nokuthi uhlelo lwe-EAM (Enterprise Asset Management) luqala nini ukusebenza. I-CMMS igxile ku imisebenzi yokulungisa yansuku zonke: ama-oda omsebenzi, ukuhlela, izingxenye ezisele, izikhathi kanye nezindleko ezihlobene nokungenelela.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-EAM inombono obanzi we- umjikelezo wokuphila kwempahla ogcweleKusukela ekuhleleni nasekuthengeni, ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza nokulungisa, kuya ekuvuseleleni noma ekuthatheni umhlalaphansi. Kuhlanganisa futhi nokwenza isabelomali, ukutshalwa kwezimali, kanye nemisebenzi yokuhlaziya ezezimali ejulile.
Ezingeni lomsebenzisi, i-CMMS ivame ukugxila ku- ithimba lokulungisa nokukhiqizaI-EAM isetshenziswa futhi yizimali, ukuthenga, kanye nokuphatha ukwenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali kwempahla.
Ezinhlanganweni eziningi, zombili lezi zinhlelo ziyafana noma zihlanganisiwe: i-CMMS iphatha ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke, kanti i-EAM ibhekana nesithombe sonke sezimpahla, inzuzo yazo, kanye nokuhlela isikhathi eside, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke impilo... kuhambisana nezinhloso zebhizinisi.
Imisebenzi ebalulekile okufanele ihlanganiswe yi-CMMS yesimanje
Ngale kwezidingo eziphansi, i-CMMS enamandla kufanele inikeze isethi yemisebenzi evumela phatha ukulungiswa ngokuzimisela nangokuvumelana nezimoLezi yizona ezivame kakhulu (futhi ezidingekayo):
Okokuqala, kukhona ukuphathwa kwe-oda lomsebenzi: uhlelo kumele luvumele dala, nikeza, beka phambili futhi uvale i-OTukwengeza ulwazi ngezimpahla, izingxenye ezisele ezisetshenzisiwe, isikhathi esichithwe kanye nokuqashelwa, konke kulula ukukulandelela nokuhlola.
Omunye umsebenzi obalulekile yi- ukuhlela ukulungiswa kokuvimbela nokubikezelalapho i-CMMS Ikhiqiza imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusekelwe esikhathini, ukusetshenziswa, noma isimoukuvimbela ukungenelela ekuthembeleni enkumbulweni yomuntu noma amanothi angemuva kwayo odongeni.
Ukulandelela imishini kanye nempahla nakho kubalulekile: i-CMMS igcina umlando ophelele wezigameko, ukuwohloka, ukulungiswa, ukuguqulwa, kanye nezindleko, okwenza kube lula Hlola ukuthembeka, bala i-MTBF/MTTR futhi banqume ngokuhlakanipha ukuthi kufanele yini ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa.
Okokugcina, amamojula okubika nokuhlaziya anikeza amadeshibhodi, ama-KPI, kanye nemibiko eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze kubonakale. ukusebenza, isikhathi sokungasebenzi, ukuthobela imithetho ye-PM, kanye nezindleko zokulungisa, okwakha isisekelo sentuthuko yangempela eqhubekayo.
I-CMMS ikuthuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle kokulungisa?
Ukusebenzisa i-CMMS kuvame ukuhunyushwa ngokushesha kube isikhathi esincane sokungasebenzi kwemishiningenxa yokuhlela okungcono kanye nokutholakala kwezinkinga kusenesikhathi ngokusebenzisa idatha yomlando kanye nesimo.
Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwezinsizakusebenza zabantu kuyaqiniswa ngoba uhlelo lunikeza imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusho ukutholakala, amakhono kanye nomsebenzi, ukugwema izithiyo kanye nokusabalalisa okungalingani eqenjini lokulungisa.
Ijubane lokuxilonga nokuxazulula izinkinga liyathuthuka uma une- Yonke imininingwane yomlando kanye nobuchwepheshe iyatholakala ngokusheshaKusukela ezincwadzini kuya ekungeneleleni kwangaphambilini kanye nezindlela zokwehluleka, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuphenya amakhabethe okufaka noma ukubuza labo asebeneminyaka bekwenza lokhu.
Ngokunciphisa isikhathi esichithwa emisebenzini yehhovisi kanye nemisebenzi yezandla, umkhiqizo uyakhula: ochwepheshe bachitha isikhathi esiningi "bephethe isikrufu" kanye nesikhathi esincane sokufaka idatha kumaspredishithi, ngenxa ye-CMMS. ngokuzenzakalela amarekhodi, imibiko, kanye nezaziso.
Konke lokhu kuthinta ngqo izindleko: inhlangano ingahlela kangcono ukushintshwa kwemishini, ukungenelela ngamaqembu, ithuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezisele, futhi inciphise kakhulu izindleko. ukulungiswa okuphuthumayo kanye nesikhathi esengeziwe esingalindelekile.
Izinyathelo zokusebenzisa ngempumelelo uhlelo lwe-CMMS
Ukusebenzisa i-CMMS kufanele kubhekwe njengomsebenzi wokushintsha inhlangano, hhayi nje ukufakwa kwesofthiwe. Into yokuqala ukuthi chaza ngokucacile izidingo nezinhloso: nciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi, khulisa ukuthobela imithetho ye-PM, thuthukisa ukulandelelwa kwezindleko, landela imithethonqubo, njll.
Njengoba imigomo icacile, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukukhetha uhlelo olufanele, ukuhlola ukukhuliswa, ukusebenziseka kalula, ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlelo (i-ERP, i-SCADA, i-IoT, i-BI), imodeli yokuthunyelwa (ifu noma yendawo) kanye nezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi esikhathini esimaphakathi neside.
Okulandelayo kuza isigaba esibucayi kakhulu: ukuqoqwa kwedatha, ukuhlanza, kanye nokuhlela. Kuyadingeka ukugcina impahla, izindawo, izingxenye ezisele, idatha yomlando efanele, kanye nabasebenzisi, ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kolwazi olungena kwi-CMMS. kube okuthembekile, okuphelele futhi okujwayelekile.
Uhlelo bese luhlelwa futhi luhlolwe: ukudalwa kwezinhlobo ze-oda lomsebenzi, ukugeleza komsebenzi okuvunyelwe, izimvume zomsebenzisi, amathempulethi ohlelo lokulungisa, izaziso, kanye nemibiko yokuqala. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngokugcwele, kuyalulekwa ukuthi yenza isivivinyo sokuhlola elawulwayo, eneqembu elilinganiselwe lezimpahla noma izindawo.
Okokugcina, ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzisi kanye nokuqaliswa okusemthethweni kwenzeka, ngokusekelwa okuseduze eqenjini, impendulo iqoqwe, kanye nezinqubo zilungiswa. Ngemva kokuqaliswa, kubalulekile. qapha imiphumela futhi uthuthukise ukucushwakude nokucabanga ukuthi umsebenzi uphela ngosuku lokuqala ukusebenza.
Ukusekelwa kokuphathwa kwempahla ngokusho kwe-ISO 55000 kanye ne-55001
Umndeni wezindinganiso ze-ISO 5500X (ISO 55000, 55001 kanye ne-55002) uhlinzeka ngohlaka lwe- ukuphathwa kobungcweti kwezimpahla ezibonakalayoNgaphakathi kwalolo hlaka, i-CMMS iba ithuluzi elibalulekile lokusebenzisa nokubonisa ukuhambisana nezidingo eziningi.
I-ISO 55000 ichaza izimiso ezifana nokuqondanisa, isiqinisekiso, ubuholi, kanye nenani. I-CMMS iwusizo kakhulu ekuqondeninisa ngoba ixhumanisa izinhloso zebhizinisi nezinhlelo zokulungisa eziqinile, ixhumanisa izimpahla, izindleko, izingozi, izinsiza kanye nemiphumela kusizindalwazi esifanayo.
Ngokuphathelene nesiqinisekiso, i-CMMS ivumela ukubhala phansi izinqubo, ukurekhoda ubufakazi bokuthi imisebenzi yokulungisa yenziwe, kanye nokugcina amarekhodi ahlolwayo abonisa ukuthi izimpahla Bayayifeza injongo yabo edingekayo kuzo zonke izigaba zomjikelezo wokuphila kwayo.
Ngokuphathelene nenani, uhlelo lwenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yomjikelezo wokuphila, njengoba luqopha idatha evumela ukuhlaziywa kokuthi amasu okulungisa akhethiwe ayasebenza ngempela. Bakhulisa ukusebenza kanye nenzuzo yezimpahla.noma uma kudingeka zibuyekezwe.
I-ISO 55001 ichaza izidingo zeSistimu Yokuphathwa Kwempahla (i-AMS). Okuningi kwalokho ekudingayo mayelana nokuhlela, ukusebenza, ukuqapha, ulwazi olubhalwe phansi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kungasekelwa yi-CMMS ehlelwe kahle futhi ehlanganisiwe ngaphakathi kwe-AMS iyonke.
Ukuhambisana nezigaba ezithile ze-ISO 55001 ne-CMMS
Isigaba 6.2.2 se-ISO 55001 sidinga ukuthi inhlangano ihlele ukuthi izozifeza kanjani izinhloso zayo zokuphathwa kwempahla futhi ibhale phansi imisebenzi, izinsiza, imithwalo yemfanelo, izikhathi ezibekiwe, imiphumela yezezimali kanye nezingozi. I-CMMS iyakuvumela lokhu. bhala phansi lezi zinhlelo zokunakekela ngendlela ephilayo nesebenzayo, hhayi nje emibikweni engaguquki.
Isigaba 7.4 mayelana nokuxhumana kwangaphakathi nangaphandle siqiniswa ukuhlelwa kwe imisebenzi yokusebenza, izexwayiso ezenzakalelayo, ukukala, kanye nezaziso ukuba nabasebenzi kanye nabakhi, konke lokhu kusuka ohlelweni ngokwalo.
Isigaba 7.6, esiphathelene nolwazi olubhalwe phansi, sidinga ukulawula ukuvunyelwa, ukubuyekezwa, ifomethi, kanye nobuqotho bolwazi. I-CMMS ephethwe kahle iqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yokugcinwa bhalisa nge-metadata efanele, uvikelwe, futhi ungabuyiselwa ekuhlolweni noma ekubuyekezweni.
Izigaba 8.1 no-8.3, mayelana nokuhlela ukusebenza kanye nokulawula kanye nokuphathwa kwemisebenzi enikezwe abantu bangaphandle, zithola ukwesekwa okusebenzayo ku-CMMS ukuchaza izindlela zokwenza, ukuqopha ubufakazi bomsebenzi ngamunye, qapha ukusebenza kosonkontileka futhi wabelane ngolwazi olubalulekile nabo
Okokugcina, isigaba 9.1 sidinga ukuqapha nokulinganisa ukusebenza kwezimpahla, i-AMS, kanye nokuphathwa kwezimpahla uqobo. Imininingwane ngesimo, ubucayi, ukwehluleka, izikhathi zokuphendula, ukuthobela uhlelo, kanye nezindleko ezigcinwe yi-CMMS yilena. izinto zokusetshenziswa ezibalulekile zokuhlaziya, ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngamathuluzi e-BI kanye nokuhlaziya okuthuthukisiwe.
Ukuphathwa kokungalandeli imithetho, izenzo zokulungisa nezokuvimbela
I-ISO 55001 idinga nezinqubo ezicacile zokubhekana nokungalandeli imithetho (isigaba 10.1) kanye nezenzo zokuvimbela (isigaba 10.2). Emkhakheni wezimpahla ezibonakalayo, i-CMMS yindawo yemvelo lapho izehlakalo ezirekhodiwe, ukuphambuka kanye nokwehluleka kutholakale ekuhlolweni, ekuqapheni noma emibikweni yomuntu wesithathu.
Ukungalandeli imithetho kwempahla kungaholela ekuhlelweni komsebenzi okulungisayo olunalo lonke ulwazi oludingekayo: incazelo yenkinga, ingozi ehambisana nayo, Isinyathelo esisheshayo sokulawula umthelela kanye nemisebenzi eyengeziwe yokuqeda imbangela eyinhloko.
Ulwazi olugcinwe ku-CMMS uqobo (imilando, imvamisa yokwehluleka, izitayela zezimo) luvumela ukuhlonza amaphethini kanye nokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokulungisa ezivimbela noma ezibikezelayo ezizokwenzeka. Lungisani izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba ziphinde zivele, ngaleyo ndlela kuhambisana nengxenye yokuvimbela yendinganiso.
Ngakho-ke, uhlelo aluyona nje ithuluzi lokusebenza, kodwa futhi luyindawo yokugcina ubufakazi ehlelekile esekela ukuhlolwa kwe-ISO kanye nokubuyekezwa kwangaphakathi, okubonisa ukuthi inhlangano funda emaphutheni akho futhi uthuthukise izinqubo zakho zokulungisa ngokuhlelekile.
Kusukela ekuphenduleni kuya ekugcinweni kokuvimbela nokubikezela nge-IoT
Intuthuko yekhwalithi eminyakeni yamuva nje ivele ekuhlanganisweni kwe-CMMS ne-IoT, izinzwa, kanye namapulatifomu okuhlaziya athuthukile. Amadivayisi afakwe emishinini angathumela idatha yesikhathi sangempela evela ku- ukudlidliza, izinga lokushisa, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla noma ingcindeziphakathi kwamanye amapharamitha.
Uma lolu lwazi lufakwa ngqo kwi-CMMS, uhlelo lungakhiqiza ama-oda omsebenzi ozenzakalelayo ngokusekelwe emikhawulweni, ezindleleni, noma Amamodeli okuhluleka aqeqeshwe yi-AI, okwenza ukulungiswa kube inqubo yokubikezela ngempela futhi esekelwe ezimweni.
Embonini, isibonelo, izinzwa zokudlidliza zivumela thola ukungalungi kahle, ukukhululeka, noma ezinye izinkinga zemishini ngaphambi kokuba zidale umonakalo omkhulu. Ezakhiweni, isimo sezihlungi nezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya zingaqashwa ukuze kuthathwe isinyathelo ngaphambi kokuba ikhwalithi yomoya iwohloke noma ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwande.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-CMMS + IoT + analytics kuvula umnyango wokuphathwa kwempahla okuhlakaniphe kakhulu, lapho okubaluleke kakhulu kungabi "ukulungisa izinto ngokushesha" kodwa vimbela izinto ukuthi zingaphuki, thuthukisa ukungenelela futhi wandise impilo ewusizo yemishini.
Lokhu kuthuthuka kudinga ukuqinisa ikhwalithi yedatha, ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlelo (i-SCADA, i-MES, i-ERP), kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi, okuziguqula zibe ngabaphathi bemisebenzi nje zibe Humusha ulwazi, lungisa amasu, futhi ubambisane neminyango yedatha kanye ne-IT.
Amaphutha avamile lapho kusetshenziswa i-CMMS nokuthi ungawagwema kanjani
Elinye lamaphutha avame kakhulu ukuqala iphrojekthi ngaphandle kokusekelwa okubonakalayo okuvela kubaphathi. Ngaphandle kokuxhaswa okucacile, i-CMMS igcina ibhekwa njenge... "Olunye uhlelo" oluthatha isikhathi, esikhundleni sethuluzi eliyisu lenkampani.
Elinye iphutha elivamile ukuqala ukuthutha idatha ngaphandle kokuyihlanza kuqala, okubangela ukuthi uhlelo olusha lugcwale izimpahla eziphindwe kabili, izingxenye ezisele eziphelelwe yisikhathi, noma amasimu angaphelele, ukwehlisa ukwethembana kolwazi kusukela ngosuku lokuqala.
Akusizi futhi ukuzama ukusebenzisa zonke izici ezithuthukisiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kunengqondo kakhulu ukuqala ngezinto ezibalulekile (ama-oda omsebenzi, isitokwe, ukulungiswa kokuvimbela) bese ufaka kancane kancane ezinye. ukulungiswa okusekelwe ezimweni, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-IoT, noma ukuhlaziya okuthuthukisiwe njengoba iqembu likwazi kahle izinto eziyisisekelo.
Ukuqeqeshwa okunganele kungenye ingozi: uma ochwepheshe bengaqondi ukuthi i-CMMS yenza kanjani izimpilo zabo zibe lula, bazothambekela ekugcwaliseni okungenani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sekuphuzile noma cha, futhi uhlelo luzohlala lungasetshenziswa kahle. Lokhu kubalulekile. Yenzani ngezindima, niqhube imihlangano engokoqobo, futhi ninikeze ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo..
Okokugcina, amanye amaphrojekthi agxila kakhulu ethuluzini futhi awagxili kakhulu ezinqubweni. Ngaphandle kokubukeza izindlela zokusebenza, imithwalo yemfanelo, kanye nezindlela zokubeka phambili, i-CMMS iba "isibuko sedijithali" nje imikhuba emibi eyayivele ikhona ephepheniukulahlekelwa amandla ayo amaningi okuguqula izinto.
I-CMMS ekhethwe kahle, enikezwe kahle idatha ethembekile futhi ehlanganiswe nesu lokuphathwa kwempahla, ivumela noma iyiphi inhlangano ukuthi isuke endleleni yokulungisa esabelayo iye kumodeli ehlelekile kakhulu, ebikezelayo, futhi engabizi kakhulu, lapho ubuchwepheshe, abantu, kanye nezinqubo zisebenza ngokuvumelana ukuze zikhishwe. inani eliphakeme kakhulu lempahla ngayinye ebonakalayo.
