Esihlokweni esilandelayo sizokwazi konke okuhlobene Ubani Owasungula Indiza engujekamanzi?, umklamo omuhle oye wasebenza njengendlela yokuthutha futhi usetshenziselwe izindawo eziningi zokusebenza ezifana nezempi, ezokwelashwa, ukuxhumana nokunye.
Ubani Owasungula Indiza engujekamanzi?
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi ubani owasungula indiza enophephela emhlane? Umdali wayo yindoda okuthiwa U-Igor Sikorsky nokuthi wawenza ngonyaka ka-1942. Le ndoda ingunjiniyela owazalelwa ezifundeni zase- Ukraine, ikakhulukazi ngoMeyi 25, 1889, okwenza imizamo yokuqala phakathi nonyaka ka-1.
Kodwa-ke, kulowo nyaka kuphela lapho yaziwa khona njengesiqalo semvelaphi yendiza enophephela emhlane njengoba yaziwa namuhla. Le ndoda, evela eRussia futhi idluliselwe ezifundeni zase-United States of America, iyakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi isikhathi sendiza enophephela emhlane sase sifikile ekugcineni.
Ngaleso sikhathi wayesedale imodeli eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi I-VS-300, lapho le ndoda ikwazi ukundiza ngayo ngonyaka we-1942, le modeli yafana kakhulu nesakhiwo kanye nomugqa wezindiza ezinophephela emhlane zamanje.
I-fuselage kule ndiza enophephela emhlane yayakhiwe uhlobo oluthile lwe-truss evulekile eyenziwe ngamashubhu ensimbi. Kwakukhona cishe izinhlobo ezi-2 zama-rotors: 1 yazo iyinhloko, eyayingaphezu kwe-fuselage, eyesibili yayitholakala emsileni.
Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sinesithakazelo kuwe, ngakho-ke sifuna futhi ukukumema ukuthi ufunde isihloko sethu Ubani Osungule Imoto.
Umsuka kanye nomlando wendiza engujekamanzi
Olunye lwezifundo eziyinhloko ezenziwa endizeni enophephela emhlane zenziwa yindoda egama layo lingu ULeonardo da Vinci. Ngaphakathi komsebenzi wakhe omkhulu, owawuhambisana nemidwebo nemidwebo eminingi, wagcina equkethe uhlobo oluthile lomshini endizayo afika wafaka kuwo uhlobo oluthile lophephela omise okusando.
Uphephela walokhu kusungulwa kwakudingeka wenziwe ukuze ujikeleze ngokusebenzisa amandla emisipha omshayeli noma amandla omuntu. Kodwa-ke, lolo hlobo lwamandla lwalunganele kulo mshini, ngakho-ke indiza enophephela emhlane ye Leonardo yahlala kuphela emaphepheni nakuphrojekthi.
Ukuze ikwazi ukundiza, kwakudingeka ilinde kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-1907 ukuze ikwazi ukubona imizamo yokuqala yokundiza. Ngo-XNUMX into esunguliwe enkulu futhi enzima kakhulu ebizwa I-Gyroplane kungenzeka ukuphakamisa kusuka phansi emoyeni ngenxa yendoda eyayiyishayela. Ukuze uqaphele, le modeli yayibanjwe abantu abangaba ngu-4 ababeyibambe ngezintambo.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ke ekugcineni kwethulwa indiza enophephela emhlane ye-1 yamahhala, eyenziwa yindoda evela EFrance kubizwa UPaul Cornu kumodeli yakhe yendiza enophephela emhlane ene-rotor engaba ngu-2, eyayinama-propeller anezinhlobo ezithile zama-blade ajikelezayo.
Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sinentshisekelo kuwe, ngakho-ke sifuna futhi ukukumema ukuthi ufunde isihloko sethu esithi The Umlando Wezindiza.
Amadivayisi Alandelayo
Ngemva komzamo wokuqala wendiza ka UPaul Cornu, ekwazi ukuphakama cishe ku-30 cm isikhathi semizuzwana engu-20, enye imizamo yendiza yenziwa.
Indiza yesibili izoba ngeyomlingisi ofana nalo okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla kodwa ibe emshinini okwazi ukuthwala umgibeli, okungaba umfowabo. Le artifact ikwazile ukuphakama ukusuka phansi ukuya kumitha elingu-1 nengxenye. Ngemva kwemizamo eminingi eyengeziwe, le ndoda ishiya iphrojekthi ingakaqedwa, ngenxa yokuthi ukudalwa kwayo kwakuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuthi ingayisebenzisa.
Kwafona indoda Etienne Oehmichen, owayengunjiniyela omkhulu futhi engumklami ovela EFrance, uba umuntu wokuqala ukwazi ukwenza indiza yokuhlola ebangeni elingu-1 km. Ekugcineni, ufinyelela ukuqiniswa kwedivayisi yakhe ngokwenza ibhalansi ye-rotor motors ngendlela yokuthi wabeka ezinkulu ngokuvundlile nezincane ziqondile. Lolu hlobo lokuqanjwa kabusha yilona olungaba isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwama-rotor omsila wendiza enophephela emhlane.
Izici
Indiza engujekamanzi iwuhlobo lwendiza enophephela ongaphezulu, yaziwa ngokuthi i-rotor evundlile futhi inohlobo oluncane lokuma mpo ngemuva, olwaziwa ngokuthi i-tail rotor.
I-rotor enezingqimba yiyona ezovumela idivayisi ukuthi ihlale emoyeni, ikwazi ukwehla noma phezulu, phambili noma emuva; Okwamanje i-rotor yomsila ikwazi ukuqondisa ukujikeleza kwe-turn ngasezinhlangothini ezi-2. Indiza enophephela emhlane iguquguquka kakhulu futhi iphephe kakhulu, futhi izoyivumela ukuthi yenze amasu angenawo izindiza ngokwazo.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwendiza Ehamba Phambili
Le ndlela yokuthutha endizayo ingaba nokusetshenziswa okunhlobonhlobo, okuzoncika ezimweni eziningi ngendawo okuyiwa kuyo. Ngamanye amazwi, indiza engujekamanzi esetshenziselwa ukuthutha umphakathi ayifani naleyo eyenzelwe ukulwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwezempi.
Kunezinhlobo ezithile zezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezenzelwe ukulwa emoyeni, ezinye izindiza ezinophephela emhlane nje ezithwala impahla neziphakathi nendawo, kanye nalezo ezithutha amasosha ezindaweni ezithile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezithwala impahla noma ezaziwa kangcono ngokuthi izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane zezokwelapha, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane zamaphoyisa noma izindiza ezinophephela emhlane zokuhlenga nazo zingagqanyiswa. Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sinesithakazelo kuwe, ngakho-ke sifuna futhi ukukumema ukuthi ufunde isihloko sethu Ubani Osungule Injini Ye-Steam.
Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko mayelana nokuthi Ubani Osungule Indiza engujekamanzi ibe usizo olukhulu futhi inesithakazelo kuwe, nokuthi ufundile ukuthi yaqala kanjani nokunye okuningi. Sikumema ukuthi ufake ibhulogi yethu Umdlalo futhi uvakashele ezinye izihloko eziningi esikuphathele zona.