uze uzibuze Ubani Owasungula Isiqandisi? Hhayi-ke, ungakhathazeki, esihlokweni esilandelayo sizokutshela konke ngomuntu owasungula, ukuthi kungani akwenza nokunye okuningi mayelana nalolu hlelo lokusebenza olubaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke amakhaya namuhla.
Ubani Owasungula Isiqandisi?
Igama elithi Isiqandisi linomsuka walo ezifundeni ze España futhi yilona elaqala kudala ngaphambi kokuba kudalwe lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-Refrigeration Systems, emishini kanye nekagesi. Ngaleso sikhathi, isiqandisi sasiwuhlobo nje lwethuluzi elenziwe ngokhuni elagcina libe nongqimba lukakhokho noma ngisho lwesikhumba, olwalusebenza njengohlobo oluthile lokugqumisa.
Kulolu hlobo lwefenisha, iqhwa lalikhinyabezwa ukuze lifinyelele izinga lokushisa elifanele elidingwa ukudla okugcinwa kulo. Phakathi nonyaka ka-1876, yilapho unjiniyela we Alemania kubizwa UCarl Von Linden iyaqhubeka nokusungula kanye negunya lobunikazi inguqulo yokuqala yesiqandisi, njengoba sisazi namuhla.
Phakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX, kwenziwa intuthuko enkulu esekelwe ekuvumeleni igesi ewuketshezi ihwamuke, okwabangela ukuba izinga lokushisa lomshini lehle.
Ekuqaleni, iziqandisi zazisetshenziswa ngendlela ebaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kwemboni ngenxa yobukhulu bazo kanye nengozi eyayivame ukuyiveza ngenxa ye-ammonia. Kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX lapho zonke iziqandisi zaba khona ezindlini zabantu emhlabeni wonke.
Kunoma yikuphi, kwakudingeka babe nesikhala esikhulu ngaphakathi kwendlu ukuze bakwazi ukuba nale divayisi, lokhu ngenxa yama-compressor amakhulu ayexhunywe kwamanye ama-motor angaphandle wemishini. Ngonyaka ka-1923, inkampani eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi Frigidaire yethulwe emakethe eyoku-1 Isiqandisi esiqinile.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi lapho baqala khona ukuthengisa iziqandisi zensimbi yokuqala kanye ne-porcelain. Ukusebenza kwabo kwakusekelwe ekutheni yini ukusha, ngoba akuzona zonke izindlu zabantu ezazinohlobo olwanele lukagesi.
Yilokhu okwakuzozuzisa ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya kwedivayisi eshiwo, nokho, bekungenjalo ngokwekhwalithi. Iziqandisi zazivame ukusebenzisa izinhlobo zegesi enobuthi ezazifana nohlobo lwesiqandisi njenge-ammonia.
Ngeshwa, izingozi eziningi zasekhaya zadalwa ngaleso sikhathi ngoba amanye amanani amagesi athe ahlungwa ngaphandle komshini. Sikumema ukuthi ufunde isihloko sethu ku- Umlando we-Blender.
Carl Von Linden uyaba ubani?
Into eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ubani owasungula isiqandisi ukuthi umsunguli waso wayengeyena omunye ngaphandle uCarl von Linden owazalelwa ezifundeni zaseJalimane futhi nguyena owasungula isiqandisi ngenxa yokuthi waklama isiqandisi sokuqala phakathi nonyaka ka-1. Yonke imizamo yakhe yagcina ibangele isiqandisi esaziwa ngokuthi siyiso.
Intuthuko Engxenyeni Yokuqala Yekhulu Lama-XNUMX
Ezifundeni ze I-United States of America Ngaleso sikhathi, ezinye izifundo kanye nocwaningo lwenziwa ukuze kutholwe uhlobo lwendlela yesiqandisi engeke ibe yingozi emndenini wasekhaya futhi kungale ndlela yokuthola Igesi yeFreon.
Ukufakwa kwalolu hlobo lwegesi ngaphakathi kwama-compressor esiqandisini kwasungulwa njengomsebenzi ojwayelekile ngesikhathi sokurekhoda. Phakathi neminyaka yawo-30, zonke ezibizwa ngokuthi iziqandisi zethulwa ngokungezwa kwalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-ice cube compartments.
Nakuba kwaziwa ukuthi yilokhu okwenze inqwaba yabantu yaqala ukulondoloza ukudla okuqandisiwe, ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi balezi mishini kwaba nendawo yako ngemuva komcimbi WWII. Ngamanye amazwi, phakathi neminyaka yawo-50 kanye nawo-60, ukuqedwa kweqhwa okuzenzakalelayo kwagcina kufakiwe. Thola konke mayelana Umlando We-Air Conditioning.
Inkinga Yezemvelo
Phakathi neminyaka eyishumi yama-79 nawo-80, kwaba inkinga ezungezile emhlabeni wonke. Amagesi ayesetshenziswa ayegxile emkhathini womhlaba wethu futhi ayedala umonakalo omkhulu ongqimbeni lwe-ozone.
Ngemva kwalokhu kutholakala okudabukisayo, wonke umphakathi wezombusazwe waxwayiswa, kanye nomphakathi wesayensi kanye nomphakathi jikelele emhlabeni wonke, ngohlelo lokusabalalisa izindaba ngobuningi kuyo yonke imithombo yezindaba eyayikhona emhlabeni.
Isixazululo Senkinga
Ngonyaka ka-1987, lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi i- I-Montreal Protocol, okwasebenza njengesisusa soshintsho oluqhubekayo lwalezi zinto ezinobuthi kwabanye ezazingenabungozi kangako futhi ziyingozi emvelweni. Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-90, zonke iziqandisi ezaqala ukudayiswa emhlabeni wonke kwadingeka zihambisane nesivumelwano esivuna ukuvikela yonke indawo ezungezile, okuyinto avumelana nayo.
Kuyini Ukubaluleka Kwesiqandisi?
Njengamanje iziqandisi zivame uku-1 kwezisetshenziswa ezinkulu kakhulu ezike zasetshenziswa. Kungase kuqokonyiswe ukuthi iningi lemizi emhlabeni wonke inomunye wayo, okungenani emazweni athuthuke kakhulu noma lawo anentuthuko enhle.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalolu cingo kukwazile ukuzuzisa kakhulu umthamo wokudla wabantu emhlabeni wonke, okuqinisekise ukutholwa kwemikhiqizo emisha emisha esetshenziswa abantu, engakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, okuvela endaweni ngaphandle kokuwohloka.
Wayengubani uWilliam Cullen?
Noma kunjalo UCarl Von Linden kwaba umuntu owayenomsebenzi wokwenza imodeli yesiqandisi sokuqala emhlabeni wonke, kwakukhona nendoda eyafika eminyakeni engaba ngu-1 edlule izothuthukisa izimiso ukuze ikwazi ukwenza lo mshini, igama layo lalingu. UWilliam Cullen. Le ndoda iyona eyayizodala ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo zezinto zokupholisa ngendlela yokwenziwa kakhulu.
Ngeshwa, umqondo wokuthi Cullen behlulekile ukwenzeka, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amanye amanothi athathwe ezicelo ezakhiwe ngu Cullen, kamuva ezazizosetshenziswa esikhathini esizayo. Ngonyaka ka-1804, indoda okuthiwa U-Oliver Evans wayengumuntu owadweba umklamo wohlobo lwesiqandisi.
Nokho, ayizange yenziwe noma okungenani, ayizange yethulwe emphakathini ovamile okungenani ngonyaka ka-1834 yaze yenziwa. Linden ngo-1876. Sifuna ukukumema ukuthi ufunde konke mayelana ne Umlando womshini wokuwasha.
Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko mayelana nokuthi ubani owasungula isiqandisi sibe usizo olukhulu kuwe, ngakho-ke sithanda ukukumema ukuthi ufunde ngezinye zezihloko zethu ongazithola kubhulogi yethu. Umdlalo okungase kukuthakasele.